A Strong Decline in the Incidence of Childhood Otitis Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Netherlands. Hullegie S, Schilder AGM, Marchisio P, et al. Trends in healthcare utilization and costs associated with acute otitis media in the United States during 2008-2014. AHRQ data on antibiotic use in children with otitis media. Antibiotic therapy for children with acute otitis media. The role of allergy in otitis media with effusion. Effectiveness of instillation of triamcinolone acetonide into the middle ear for eosinophilic otitis media associated with bronchial asthma. Optimal control of asthma improved eosinophilic otitis media. Seo Y, Nonaka M, Yamamura Y, Pawankar R, Tagaya E. Viral-Bacterial Interactions in Acute Otitis Media. Marom T, Nokso-Koivisto J, Chonmaitree T. Updated Guidelines for the Management of Acute Otitis Media in Children by the Italian Society of Pediatrics: Treatment. Updated Guidelines for the Management of Acute Otitis Media in Children by the Italian Society of Pediatrics: Prevention. Marchisio P, Bortone B, Ciarcia M, et al. Updated Guidelines for the Management of Acute Otitis Media in Children by the Italian Society of Pediatrics: Diagnosis. Chiappini E, Ciarcia M, Bortone B, et al. Inflammation in the Middle Ear of Children with Recurrent or Chronic Otitis Media is Associated with Bacterial Load. Stol K, Diavatopoulos DA, Graamans K, Engel JA, Melchers WJ, Savelkoul HF, et al. Acquired cholesteatoma, usually arising from the pars flaccida skin, typically involves the epitympanum and the mastoid antrum and, as stated above, can be erosive, causing serious complications.Ĭunningham M, Guardiani E, Kim HJ, Brook I. Mucosal disease is typified by a bacterial infection of the middle ear cleft with the presence of pus, associated with discharge through a pars tensa perforation, for longer than 3 months. Therefore, the term safe does not adequately categorize any cases of CSOM.ĬSOM can be more simply divided into mucosal disease and cholesteatoma. Admittedly, all cases of CSOM, including those described above as safe, can be associated with serious intracranial complications. Partially due to induced bony erosion and secondary infection, cholesteatomas can lead to potentially devastating sequelae. Cholesteatoma is frequently present in CSOM with posterosuperior perforations. Unsafe ear disease, sometimes called atticoantral disease, is typified by a marginal perforation of the posterosuperior pars tensa or pars flaccida. Safe ear disease, sometimes called tubotympanic disease, is characterized as a central perforation of the pars tensa, with the inflammatory process affecting the mucosa of the middle ear cleft. CSOM has traditionally been classified into safe ear disease and unsafe ear disease.
0 kommentar(er)
